Agave americana

AGAVE AMERICANA

English

ORIGIN

Century plant is a flowering plant, native to Mexico, Texas and Arizona, which is reproduced for ornamental use worldwide.

CHARACTERISTICS

It has gray-green leaves up to 1 meter long, each with a prickly margin and a heavy spike at the tip that can pierce flesh to the bone. When it flowers, the spike has big yellow flowers and may reach a total height of up to 8-9 meters tall. Although it is called the century plant, it typically lives only ten to thirty years.

HISTORY

In Tehuacan, Mexico, roasted agave remains have been found dating back 8,000 years. This indicates that agave was an essential food source in prehistoric times.

USAGE

The leaves provide fiber for cloth or rope, and the sweet nec- tar in the heart is extracted for making distilled liquors like mezcal or tequila. This is one of the 3 species that is used commercially to produce agave nectar sweetener. Another common name is American Aloe, although it is not directly related to the aloe family.

MEDICAL USAGE

There are many uses for Agave in Mexican folk medicine. The leaves and juice are applied externally to treat open wounds, snake bites, toothache, venereal disease, and other inflam- mations of the tissues. Agave contains saponins, steroid saponins, large amounts of sugar, and vitamin C, among other components.

Español

ORIGEN

Maguey es una planta con flores, nativa de México, Texas y Arizona, que se reproduce para su uso ornamental en todo el mundo.

CARACTERÍSTICAS

Tiene hojas de color gris-verdoso de hasta 1 m de longitud, cada uno con un margen espinoso y una alza fuerte en el ex- tremo capaz de perforar la carne hasta el hueso. Al florecer, el pico presenta grandes flores de color amarillo que pueden alcanzar una altura total de hasta 8 a 9 metros.

HISTORIA

Se han encontrado restos de agave tostado en Tehuacán, México, que datan de 8.000 años, lo que indica que el agave ha sido una fuente de alimento esencial en tiempos prehistóricos.

USOS

Las hojas proporcionan fibra de tela o cuerda. El néctar del corazón de la planta se extrae para la fabricación de licores destilados como el mezcal o el tequila. Esta es una de las tres especies usadas comercialmente para producir el edulcorante néctar de agave. Otro nombre común es Aloe americano, aunque no está directamente relacionada con la familia del aloe.

USOS MEDICINALES

Muy utilizada en la medicina popular mexicana. Las hojas y el jugo se aplican externamente para tratar heridas abiertas, mordeduras de serpientes, dolor de muelas, enfermedades venéreas y otras inflamaciones de los tejidos. Contiene saponinas, saponinas esteroides, gran cantidad de azúcar y vitamina C, entre otros.

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